For a list of the supported Linux versions and for information about how to install PowerShell Core 6.0 or later on a Linux-based computer, see Installing PowerShell Core on Linux on Microsoft's website. Some Linux-based operating systems, such as Arch, Kali, and Raspbian, are not officially supported, but have varying levels of community support. Enter PowerShellCross-Platform Alpha Edition NOTE: This is featuring an alpha version of the platform, so obviously, you will want to tread carefully on how much you rely on it. That said, I’m all in on the version, and have tested it without having any serious issues.
Love Child or Demon Spawn?
This article describes the use of PowerShell scripting on Mac and Linux.
“PowerShell” refers to both the command-line shell and scripting language designed system administration.
PowerShell is an object-centered “management engine”that can be hosted in an application program.
ISE = “Integrated Scripting Environment” is a GUI that providespopup tab completion and other assists.
PowerShell promises more consistency than the various commands added over time by various parties.
Install Powershell On MacOpen source on Linux and MacOS
From the PowerShell and DSC Team YouTube channel:
This 51-minute series of demos was published Aug 18, 2016, the same dayPowerShell is open-sourced for all OSs at
https://github.com/PowerShell/PowerShell. How To Download Powershell On Mac Windows 10
This article notes Desired State Configuration for Linux and the promise of SSH support arrived in 2014 (several months before Microsoft open sourced .NET and brought .NET Core to Linux). But “you had to author your scripts on the Windows platform, you had to configure things on the Windows platform and then deliver the desired configuration to a Linux box and have it be configured; now you can do all of that on Linux.”
Install PowerShell on MacOS
Visual Studio Code Editor
One text editor built for PowerShell is Microsoft’s Visual Studio Code.
Keith Hill notesdebugging support provided by the PowerShell Editor Services extension currently runs only on Windows.
Install .NET Core
PowerShell is written on top of .NET.NET’s previous dependencies on Windows components have been removedin .NET Core.
PowerShell errors occur if .NET Core is not installed, so:
Execute script file
I like using script files rather than typing becauseit allows me to focus on the latest in what is usuallya long string of commands necessary in today’s complex world.
To call scripts, an example:
PROTIP: Make sure that when a file with .ps1 extension is clicked from Folder, the script is not launched to run, but that the script appears in a text editor.
A sample command to invoke the script including an execution policy :
Notice it’s “powershell” and not “powershell.exe” because Mac and Linux don’t recognize .exe.
When a script is signed, its location is locked to a specific full directory path, even when it’s in the current folder.
“remotesigned” is important because if this script has not been digitally signed, one needs to set PS execution policy to “RemoteSigned” (or “Unrestricted”) after reopening PowerShell as an Administrator to run:
By default PowerShell prevents the execution of PowerShell scripts on Windows systems.
Set-ExecutionPolicy RemoteSigned
Get a list of current security settings:
Get-ExecutionPolicy -List | Format-Table -AutoSize
See https://blog.netspi.com/15-ways-to-bypass-the-powershell-execution-policy/
https://github.com/MeshkDevs/InvokeTwitterAPIs
## Verify a signed script can be used #
Install a signing cert on Mac
To add the CA root certificate (either PEM or DER format) into the OSX global keychain:
Automatic logging
Increasingly, hackers are using PowerShell to create havoc.
So it’s a good idea to automatically logging using the
start-transcript and stop-transcript commands.
BLAH: The sample script at https://github.com/wilsonmar/git-utilities/ps-auto-log.ps1,causes errors during execution of scripts.
Inside the file:
PROTIP: This can use up a lot of space quickly, so some management of its use is necessary.
Version Logic: If Then Else
I haven’t found a way to have a Bash script that can also be run as a PowerShell script.
PROTIP: Switching from Bash to PowerShell means a one-time migration and there is no turning back unless you want to maintainparallel scripts.
This is largely because of differences in if/then/else coding. The same if/then/else syntax in PowerShell scripts for Mac and PC is needed for the same script file to be used.
On Bash:
The question is whether a single PowerShell script can reallyrun on both Mac and Windows. Do a parallel run.
For different actions in PowerShell according to type of operating system: How to download outlook emails mac.
NOTE: Because braces define actions, there is no “end if” (“fi”) in PowerShell. Mac os high sierra beta 3 download.
Comparison Operators
-eq / -ne / -ge
-Like / -NotLike wildcard string - $name -Like “*sh”
-Match / -NotMatch regular expression - $name -Match “sh$”
-Contains / -NotContains a value in array - $name -contains “jo”
-In / -NotIn Is a value in an array - “joe” -in $name
Logical operators
-And
-Or
-Xor = Logical exclusive or.
Tilde and Providers
PROTIP: Use $home instead of the tilde (~)in PowerShell because tilde does not always represent the the user’s home folder as in Linux.This is because PS has different“providers” that include HKLM and HKCU top-levels in the Windows Registry.Get a list of providers and disk space:
Get-PSDrive
The response:
PowerShell calls files “items” as a term that groups files with registry keys and variables.
returns the Mode and LastWriteTime of the user.
Instead of “mkdir” to create folders, use
New-Item
To list files in a folder, it’s the same as in Bash:
ls -al
PowerShell cmdlets (command-lets) enables computers to be managed from the command line,much like Bash shell scripts on Linux machines.How many are there?
(get-command).count
https://github.com/pester/Pester/wiki/Mock
Handling secrets
PROTIP: Files containing secrets, such as passwords andcertificates are NOT stored in GitHub nor script files, but in a separate location, and backed up among other local files.
The secrets are retrieved into the script at run-time.
See my tutorial on GitHub Data Security
Hash tables
BTW, keys in a hash table must be unique.
Hash tables are used throughout PowerShell.
An example of a REST API call:
Sort a hash tables using the GetEnumertor():
Objects
Get-Service m* | where {$_.status -eq ‘running’}
Get-Service m* | where status -eq ‘running’
The “$_” represents the current object in v2 can handle more complexity than v3 syntax:
Alias not parameters
Many Bash commands work in PowerShell (ls, cat, echo) becauseAliases make many commands in Bash scripts work:
get-alias echo
The response is “Write-Output”, which is what is executed.
BLAH: Many parameters to aliases are not recognized. For example, this common command results in an error:
ls -al
Instead, use:
dir -File | format-table
NOTE: dir is an alias to Get-ChildItem.
Powershell Linux
Thus,
Write-Host $env:computername -foreground Green
”–passthru” means do not go through Pipeline.
You can reset a default alias.
Environment Variables
PROTIP: Environment variables defined in Bash scripts can be read by PowerShell scripts and visa-versa.
Lists of environment variables:
The command “dir” is an alias of Get-ChildItem.
For the value of a single environment variable: Lg suite for mac free download.
Get-ChildItem Env:USER
Get-ChildItem Env:AWS_DEFAULT_REGION Paths
Instead of “rm -rf” in Bash:https://blogs.technet.microsoft.com/heyscriptingguy/2012/02/22/the-best-way-to-use-powershell-to-delete-folders/
“-WhatIf” specifies a dry-run.
Combine files
Ro add the content of several files into a single text file:
Cmdlets
PS has some smarter parameters, such as filtering for files onlyand running recursively into sub-folders: World clock app for pc.
dir c:work*.ps1 -file -recurse
All PowerShell cmdlets follow a standardized verb-noun naming convention that makes it easy to look up, find, and use cmdlets.For a list of all the verbs:
Install Powershell Ubuntu
get-verb
REMEMBER: Capitalization counts within PowerShell.
get-command -verb export
get-command -noun ACL paths
Only 25% of cmdlets are shipped with paths.
Strings
PROTIP: Don’t use “+” for string concatenation.
.NET Framework members
Initially built on Microsoft’s .NET Framework, PowerShell can refer to a static .NET member in square brackets with two colons to specify Pi:
[math]::pi
It’s wonderful that PowerShell doesn’t require an echo to display the value of objects.
To delete a file in the .NET I/O directory object:
The issue with using .NET objects is that they may execute in a different folder context than PowerShell.
TODO: $prompt
Other pre-defined variables
Dates
Based on http://ss64.com/ps/syntax-dateformats.html
Zip files using functionsPipelines
Instead of just parsing text (as *Nix shells do),PowerShell works with objects in a pipeline.
Office 365 lync for mac download. Piping:
To list all variables defined and their values:
Get-Variable | Out-String
PROTIP: With PowerShell, it’s best to use out-file instead of “>” redirect character:
dir -file -hidden | out-file -filepath rootfiles.txt
Error handling: French script free download mac.
Use preference variables for stream redirection:
1> Success 2> Error 3> Warning 4> Verbose 5> Debug
NOTE: Can Only merge to the success stream.
$Error is the automatic array that stores the last 256 exceptions (objects in error) - the default $MaximumErrorCount.
Error action preferences:
0 = Silently Continue
1 = Stop 2 = Continue 3 = Inquire 4 = Ignore [parameter value only] Module to call REST API
This suggests:
PROTIP: To press the trailing back-tick that breaks up a command into several lines, press the key at the upper left corner of the keyboard with your left hand while you press shift key using your right hand.
A space character is required before the tick.
PROTIP: Break up long text into a string block (which Microsoft calls here-string):
The output is:
From https://apps.twitter.com/ define a new app. In Permissions tab, select Read-only. Click Update Settings. In Key and Access Tokens tab, click “Create my access tokens”. Copy the Consumer Key (API key) and paste in ~/.passwords as TWITTER_TOKEN.
It takes many lines to mess with OAuth, so I make use of Adam’s library for Twitter’s v1.1 API described at:
http://www.adamtheautomator.com/twitter-module-powershell/ Download xcode for mac os sierra.
Trevor Sullivan (@pcgeek86) made a 20:40 video Mar 17, 2016
A PowerShell Module for manipulating PowerShell ProfilesbyThomas Malkewitz
Curl
curl is an alias for Invoke-WebRequest in PowerShell.
https://channel9.msdn.com/Blogs/trevor-powershell/Automating-the-GitHub-REST-API-Using-PowerShell
## JSON from REST API #
To extract out a key from the JSON file:
https://www.pluralsight.com/courses/powershell-modules-advanced-functions-building
Profile scripts
Jeff Hicks notes these profile scripts execute automatically at start:
To view all profiles:
$profile | select *
API calls
Corporate IT departments often use Group Policies.
$Headers = “Authorization: token ${GITHUB_TOKEN}” echo “Headers=$Headers” # DEBUGGING
$Token=$GITHUBUSER +’:’+ $SECRETS.GITHUB_TOKEN; $Base64Token=[System.Convert]::ToBase64String([char[]]$Token); $Headers = @{ Authorization = ‘Basic(0)’ -f $Base64Token; }; # -f is for substitution of (0). # See https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee692795.aspx # Write-Host (“Headers=”+$Headers.Authorization) $Headers = “{ Authorization: = Basic $GITHUB_TOKEN }” # -f is for substitution of (0). # See https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee692795.aspx Write-Host (“Headers=”+$Headers)
Iterate
More Libraries
https://www.simple-talk.com/blogs/psyaml-powershell-yaml/
Read in CSV file![]()
This blog gives an example of importing a CSV file:
$data = Import-CSV C:scriptsmoviedata.csv
Sorting by date requires creating a new property:
The new property persists, so can be used this way:
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